Euboea or Evia ( Εύβοια ) is the second largest of the Greek Aegean Islands in area and population after Crete. It is separated from the mainland of Greece by the Euboic Sea. The history of the island is for the most part that of its two principal cities, Chalkida (Halkida) and Eretria. Both cities were Ionian settlements from Attica (Athens), and their importance in early times is shown by their numerous colonies in Magna Graecia (Southern Italy), Sicily, Naxos, and on the coast of Macedonia (Northern Greece). The earliest recorded mention of Chalcis is in the Iliad (Trojan War), where it is mentioned in the same line as its rival Eretria.
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